Moving-picture machine.



31E. LEONARD. MOVING PICTURE, MA0H1NE. K APPLICATION FILED MAfL 3,'19121. RENEWED A PE. 9, 1914. 1,102,933,

Patented July 7, 1914.

3 SHEETS- SHEET l.

J. E. LE0NARD. 4 MOVNG PICTURE MACHINE. APPLICATION TILBDMAKB,1911.-RBNEWE`D APR. 9, 1914. 1,102,933. Patented July 7, 191%.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. E* LEONARD. MOVING PICTURE MAGHINE. APPLoA'TwN ULEB 111111.11911, RENBWED A PRL 9, 1914.

11,102,933, Patented July '7, 1914.

I s SHEETS-SHEET 3.

- f 'UNITED OFFRE# J' EDISON LEONARD, OF PORTLAND, OREGON.

- MOVING-,PICTURE MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 7, 1914.'

Application filed March 3, 1911, 'Serial No. 612,126. RenewedApril 9, 1914. Serial No. 830,796.

T o all whom it may concern: I

Be it knownthat I, JOHN E. LEONARD, a

citizen ofthe United States, residing at Portland, in the vcounty of Multnomah and and useful -Improvements in Moving-Picture Machines, of which the following is a specification, reference'being had therein to the accompanying drawing.l

My invention relates to improvements in moving' icture'machines.

The o ject of my invent-ion is to provide a machine of this character in which the lens is surrounded by the shutter and so constructed and arranged that the light is per- --mitted to enter on the exposed film when taking the picture and also allow the light l -to pass out while projecting the picture.

Another object of-my invention is to provide means for feeding the film forward and A stoppingA and starting it at the proper time in'respect to the opening and closing of the 3 shutter.

A still further' object of my invention is to provide'a revolving shutter in which two exposures are made during each revolution l of the shutter, thereby-making a machine of this character in which the pictures can be more rapidly. talg or projected when desired. l '1g' l A- still further object is to provide a ma.- chine of this character which will take a film of-pictures and also projectvthe pictures and having certain details of structure and voperation hereinafter more fully set forth.`

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 isa side view of my improved,

machine. Fig. 2 is a vfront view. looking in the direction of the arrow Fig. 1 the left hand end of this. view Irepresents the top of the machine. Fig. 3 is a detailed sectional view of the shutter showing the lens in full exposed-and stopping it for a short period,

and after it has been exposed moving the film to bringv another picture in'position. Fig. 6 is a perspective viewofthe shutter, showing the two arts of which it is constructed, separate .,Fig.v 7 is a side ele-` vation partly in section of a pro]ect1ng moving picture machine embodying my invenlsents the frame of my improved machine State of Oregon, have'invented certain nevil rels holdingthe plates in their separated position, it will` be understood that any desired number may be used and other means could be used than the plates for forming a frame for carrying the mechanism of the machine.

lThe frame may be mounted in any desired casing and I will not show or `describe the same.

Between the .plates 2 and 3 at the upper end vand adjacent the rear end is a shaft upon which is mounted the vspool 6, upon which is mounted the film 7, upon'which the pictures are to be taken. In a line directly below the spool 6 is a second spool 8, upon which the film is wound after the pictures are taken and which is driven on thegdirec-v tion indicated by the arrow, Fig. 1, as will be hereinafter more fully described. -The film is passed from the spool 6 forward and over thesmall spool or shaft9, having teeth 10 .passing through the openings 11 in the film 7 and .whereby the film is properly drawn from the spool 6. The shaft 9 'ex-y tends through the plate 2 andvis provided with a pinionl2, meshing with the large internal gear 18, which is mounted upon the plate 2 of the' frame Iinany desired mannerand may be .driven in any desired manner. This internal gear 13 not onlyy forms the means for operating the film, but-also forms the means of operating the shutter,

whereby the shutter is timed with the feed-v ing of the film. p l v I Theshutter consists of a cylindrical member. 14 having a'projecting hollow stud or trunnion 15 carried `byone end. The lower end 16 of said cylindrical member is screwed in the shutter for the purpose hereinafter described.. The said end 16 is provided with ahollow trunnion 17, and: said trunnions extend through the plates 2 andv 3 of the frame and form bearings for the shutter.

The trunnion 15 above the plate 2'is provided with a gear 18, meshing with the in- .while the pin42 enters the space 43 ternal gear 13, and 'whereby the shutter is caused to revolve.

The cylindrical shutter is provided on opposite sides with openings 19 and 20. Vithin the shutter is the lens 21, which is provided with trunnions 22 and 23, which eX- tend out through the hollow trunnions 15 and 17, and said trunnions 22and 23 are held against rotation so that the lens is held against rotation in the shutter. The lens is preferably of a cylindrical form having the double lens and extends longitudinally of the frame 1.

Mounted loosely upon the upper and lower ends of the shutter are toothed wheels 24 and 25, which are provided with trun nions 26 and 27 surrounding the trunnions 15 and 17 yof the shutter, whereby the wheels are free to rotate on the shutter independent thereof.A The said wheels are provided with inwardly extending flanges 28, surrounding the periphery of the shutter and provided at their inner end with the teeth 29, which pass through the openings 11 in the edges of the film, whereby the film is fed. flanges of the toothed wheels 24 and 25 eX- tend inwardly adjacent the openings 19 and 2O of the shutter so a's tobring the film across said openings.

Mounted in the frame is a shaft 30 having teeth 314which enter the openings 11 in the film which is drawn rearwardly from the loop 49. The shaft 30 on the outside of the plate 2 of the frame is provided withA a gear 33, meshing with the internal gear 13, whereby the shaft 30 isr rotated at the same rate of speed as the shaft 9.

The light enters the machine through the opening 34 and kpasses through the lens, the shutter having the oppositely arranged openings 19 and 20, there will be two exposures at each revolution of the shutter, and the picture is taken on the film at the point 31, shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing.

The shaft 30, on the inside of the plates 2, is provided with cam-shaped members 35 and 36, which are adapted vto operate with the lteeth of the toothed wheels and .drive the toothed wheels so .as to move the film a distance to bring a new'section of film Vto the point 31 Vand stop it until it has been exposed so that the `pictures are taken in close succession. Thecam-shaped members are exactly alike. and IIw-ill proceed to describe one, reference beinghad to Fig.

5 of the drawings. In this figure the-toothed wheel 24 has the 'teeth'37^,= each having the concaved vouter face 38, closely.fitti'ng ythe round portion 39 of the 'cam-shaped, member 35.-. The recess'40 formed'nvt-hefcamshaped members is adaptedto -neceive the twopoints 41 of the two adjoiningteeth,

said` teeth. From this Idescription it will be seen :that as ythe round portion 'of the These tween camis -in the concaved portion 38 of the teeth the spur wheel, the film is at rest, but when the pin 42 enters the space 43 the spur wheel is turned sufficiently to bring another section of film to the point 31. By this time the shutter has made a half revolution and the film at the point 31 is exposed. By this constructionit will'be seen that the film is fed forward just sufficient to bring a fresh portion opposite the point 31 and that the pictures are taken very rapidly. The speed at which the picture is taken is determined by the rotation of the internal gear 13, and the shutters and the film are so timed that it is impossible to take two pictures on the same section of the film, and

- the film comes to a full stop while it is being exposed.

The spool 8 is carried upon the shaft 45, so that it can slip thereon. This is very essential as the shaft is driven by the internal gear 13 and as the spool becomes filled the film will wind 'more rapidly with the same rotation of the shaft and therefore the slip-friction drive is essential. This shaft on the outside of the frame is provided with a gear 46 loosely mounted thereon and surrounding the shaft and bearing against said gear is a spring member 47, which frictionally connects the gear to the shaft. The gear 46 meshes with the gear 48, which in turn meshes with the internal gear 13.

The film passes from the spool 6 over the teeth carried by the shaft 9 and is/looped forwardly, as indicated at 48, and passes rearwardly 'around the flanges 28 of the spur wheels 24 and 25 and is looped forwardly as indicated at- 49, and then passes inwardly over the teethl carried by the shaftl 30 and is wound upon the spool 8. The teeth` of the shaft 30 feed the film from the loop 49 to the spool 8, and the pulling action on the film caused by the spool becoming filled. and thus prevent the looping of the film at 49.

In Fig. 7, I show my improved machine as spool 53 upon which the film is wound.

This as will be readily understood enables larger reels to be placed in the machine. The reel 53 is driven by a belt or 'chain 54, which is driven by a pulley 55, carried by `the machine as shown in Fig. 7.

- The .casing "1' is constructed the same as the frame in the machine used in taking the pictures and, exceptv as above noted, the same reference numerals` indicate similar parts.

faster than when taking the pictures and,v

therefore, the gear 12 meshing with the iuternal gear- 13 has been reduced,` whereby the lm is'more rapidly moved. In order that thel shafts' 9- and 30 may be driven more rapidly to prevent any pullin upon the -film and to cause an even fee ing of the film, I provide the intermediate gears 58'a-nd 59, meshing with the gears 12 and 33 and reducing the gears 12 and 33, so thatthe feeding of the fjlm will be uniform throughout. i 4

Having thusl described my inventiomwhat I claim and'desire to secure by lLetters lvat-` cutis:

1. A moving picture machine, comprising a lens', a shutter surrounding the lens and having oppositely arranged openings, a film passing around the-shutter and'means for intermittently driving the lm. r

2. A"moving picture' machine comprising a lens, a cylindrical shutter surrounding the lens and having oppositelyarranged openings, members loosely mounted upon the shutter, a film passing around said members and means for intermittently driving the members, substantially asshown and described. f 1

3, A movin picture machine, comprising a lens,'a cylin rical shutter surrounding the lensand having two oppositelyarranged openings, spools loosely mounted upon the ends of the shut-ter, afilm'passng over said spools and .means for' intermittently dri-w ing said spools. f 4. A moving picture machine, comprising a lens, a rotary cylindrical shutter having two oppositely' arranged openings opposite thelens, spools rotatably mounted on the ends of theshutter, a film passing around the4 shutter and means for' intermittently driving the spools for feeding the film forward when t e openings vin the shutter are not registering with the lens. 5. `A moving picture machine, comprisin l' a lens, "a 'cylindrical shutter havingv oppositely arranged openings in opposite Walls thereof in a line with .the lens, spools rotatably mqu-nted on the ends of the shutter, a film passing over said spools and driven thereby, outwardly extending fianges carried by the outer ends of the spools and means engaging said flanges for intermittently driving the spools for feeding the 'f ilm.

6. A moving picture machine, comprising a lens, a rotary shutter surrounding the lens and having two oppositely arranged openings, spools loosely mounted upon the yends of the rotary shutter, a film passing over the spools, spur wheels rigidly carried by the outer endsof the spools, and means engaging the spur-wheels' for rotating the spools for intermittently feeding the film forward when the shutter isclosed.

7.* A moving picture machine comprising a lens, a rotary cylindrical `,shuttery sur. rounding thelens and adapted to maketwo exposures during each revolution of the shutter, lspoolsjloosely mounted upon the ends Vof the shutter, a filml passing'over the spools,a spur wheel carried by the outer end of each spool, a rotary member around which the film passes, and means carried by said rotary member' for engaging the spur Wheel and intermittently feeding the film forward. l

8. A moving picture machine, comprising a lens, a cylindrical rotary shutter surrounding the lens and having oppositely arranged openings, ineans for rotating the shutter, spools mounted upon opposite ends of the shutter, a film passing over the spools, laterall extending spur wheels carried by the en s of the spools, a rotary member around whichthe film passes, means carried by said rotaryy member for engaging the spur Wheels and intermittently driving the same, and said driving means timed With the shutter driving means, whereby the film is heldvstill during each exposure of the lens. 9. A' moving picture machine comprising a lens, a shutter surrounding the lens and having oppositely arranged openings, spur wheels loosely mounted on the ends of the -v Shutter and having inwardly extending flanges, a film passing over said flanges, a cam shaped member engaging the teeth of said spur wheel and adapted to rotate the same a portion of its revolution, wherebythe film is moved a predetermined distance and stopped at a time when the oppositely arranged openings in the shutter register with the lens.

10. A movingpicture machine, compris' ing aI lens, a shutter surrounding the lens and havin oppositely arranged openings, a spur whee mounted -upon the ends of the shutter and having teeth provided with con? caved faces and recessed portions between the-same, the said spur wheels having in- Wardly extending flanges around which the film passes, a -cam-shaped member' adapted to fit in the concaved faces of the teeth of the spur wheels and having a pin adapted to enter the recessed portion between the teeth to move the spur Wheel a predetermined distance, whereby the film is fed across the lens at a time when the openings in the shutter are out of alinement with the lens.

11. A moving picture machine, comprising .a Winding and unwinding spool, a film ing a winding and unwinding spool, a film connecting said spools, a lens, a rotary shutter operated between the lens and the film, spur-wheelsloosely mounted upon the endsof` the shutter, rotary members upon opposite sides of the spur-wheels and around which the film passes, cam-shaped members carried by the upper and lower ends of the rotary member and engaging the spur wheels andconstructed and arranged to in termittently drive the spur wheels.

13. A moving picture machine comprising a winding and unwindingspool, a film connecting the same, a lens, a rotary shutter between the lens and film and continuously rotated, a spur-wheel at the ends of the shutter and having rearwardly extending iianges over which the film passes, rotary members on the sides of the spur wheels and around which the film passes, said spurwhe'els having teeth provided with concaved outer faces separated by radial grooves, camshaped members adapted to fit the curvature of the teeth and adapted to receive the pointed portions of the two abutting teeth, and a pin adapted to enter the rotary groove between the two teeth and rotate the said spur wheels a short distance to cause the film to be fed forward a distance to bring another picture opposite the lens.

14. A moving picture machine, compris- Aing a lens, a rotary Icylindrical shutter surrounding the lens and having two oppositely arranged openings whereby thelens is eX- posed. twice toevery` revolution .of the shutter, a rotary membermounted upon the shutter independent of its movement, a film passing over said rotary member, and means for intermittently driving said rotary member whereb lthe film is held still during the exposure .ofy the lens by the shutter.

. 15;;` A moving picture machine comprisin adens, la vcylindrical rotary shutter surroun ing-thelens and adapted to expose the lens `twiceuto. every revolution of the shutter, a film passing over the rotary shutter, a lamp inline with-the lens-in rear of the film, and meansfor driving the film and constructed andy arranged. to stop the film during the time when the lens is exposed tothe lamp. '16./A moving picture machine, comprising a lens, a rotary shutter surrounding th lens-,land having oppositely arranged openings, a lamp in rearofsaid lens and in line therewith, a film traveling between the shutter and/the lamp, meansfor stopping the film when the yoppositely arranged openings are in alinement with the lens, and means fo'r moving the film when the shutter is making a ,half revolution to bring the openings opposite the lens.

17. A moving picture machine, comprising a winding and unwinding spool, a film connecting the same, a lens, a rotary shutter between the lens and film and continuously rotated, a lamp in rear of the film and adapted to project the light through the film and lens, a spur wheel at the ends the shutter and having rearwardly extending flanges over which the filmpasses, rotary members on each side of the spur wheels and varound which the film passes, said spur wheels having teeth provided with concaved outer faces separated by radial grooves,.

cam-shaped members adapted to fit in the curvature of the teeth and adapted to receive the pointed portion of the two abutting teeth, a pin adapted to enter the radial groove between adjacent teeth and rotating the said spur wheels a short .distance'to cause the film to be fed forward a distance to bring another picture opposite the lens, and an internal gear meshing with gears carried by the shutter and the cam-shaped members Awhereby the film is timed with the shutter.

18. A moving picture machine, comprising a lens, a shutter surrounding the lens and having oppositely arranged openings, spur wheels loosely mounted on the ends of the shutter and having inwardly extending flanges, a film passing over said fianges, means for engaging the teeth of said spur wheel and adapted to rotate the same a portion of its revolution, whereby the film is moved a predetermined distance and stopped ata time when the shutter is exposing the lens.

19. A moving picture machine, comprising a lens, a shutter having oppositely arranged openings to expose the lens, a spur Wheel mounted upon the ends of the shutter, and having teeth provided with concaved faces and recessed portions between the same, said spur wheel having inwardly extending flanges over which the film passes, a cam-shaped member adapted to fit in the concaved faces of the teeth of the spur wheel and having a pin adapted to enter the recessed portion between the teeth to move .the spur a pre-determined distance, whereby the film is fed across the lens at. a time when the shutter is not exposing the said lens.

,n 20. A moving picture machine comprising a lens, a rotary shutter, a spur wheel mounted upon the ends of the shutter and having teeth provided with concaved faces and recessed portions between the same, a spur` wheel having inwardly extending anges around whichthe film passes, a cam-shaped member adapted to fit in the concaved faces of the teeth of the spur wheels and having al *l pin vadapted to enter the recessed portion be'- tweenv the teeth tomove the spur Wheel a predetermined distance, whereby the ilmgis fed' across the lens at a time when the openings in the shutter are out4 of alinement With the lens.

21. A. moving picture machine comprising a winding-y and. unwinding spool, a ilm connecting the same, a lens, a rotary shutter between the lens and film and' continuously rotated,- a; spur Wheel at each end of the shutter and having rearwardly extending Y i f flanges over which the film passes7 rotarymembers upon each side of the spur Wheels aronnd which the'lm passes, teeth carried by said spur Wheels, cam-sha ed member adapted to coperate'with the said teeth and rotating the said spur 'Wheels a short distance to cause the film to. be fed forward adistance tobring another picture opposite the lens and anfinternal gear meshing with 

